In our previous blog “Requirement of Router and Switch in Computer Network Work- Part-2” we discussed the requirements, uses, benefits, and types of Routers and Switches in the computer network. We have now understood how computer networks work in local area networks and why we use Switches and routers in computer networking.
In this blog, we will discuss Network Types, what all are multiple network types, and where we need, them because IT or Computer network is not a small thing. A Computer network will be converted into ICT (information and Communication Technology). In computer networks, we exchange and share information, but IT or ICT helps to travel that information across the network or Geo-boundaries in multiple ways.
Network Types
Multiple Network Types can be designed based on the requirement. Below are some Network Types that are broadly used:
- LAN– Local area Network
- WAN- Wide area Network
- PAN-Personal Area Network
- MAN-Metropolitan Area Network
- WLAN– Wireless Local Area Network
- SAN-Storage Area Network
- CAN– Campus Area Network
- PON-Passive Optical Network
- VPN– Virtual Private Network
- VLAN– Virtual Local Aare Network
Uses of Network Types
LAN: Local Area Network
When we have a network that is connected locally via Computer and network devices called Switches. It is used in any limited area such as Schools, Homes, and office buildings. LANs can be set up in different topologies, such as bus, ring, star, or mesh. LANs are connected with a Switch to access a computer, printer or shared files and folders on the same network. It works within 100 Mtrs.
WAN- Wide area Network
It is a type of network that connects a large Geographical area over the Internet or other WAN technologies like MPLS. WAN is required to connect, share, or send data from one location to another such as across Cities, towns, and Countries. It can be having multiple LANs. To design a WAN high security is required and the network should be well designed It consists of Switches, Routers, Firewalls, ISPs, and other WAN technologies and routing Protocols to send the network traffic. It covers the area in KMs over Fibre.
PAN-Personal Area Network
PAN is used only for some personal use like Bluetooth, printers Scanner or Headphones, Speakers. It works within 10-15 Meters.
MAN-Metropolitan Area Network
MAN is generally smaller than WAN. In WAN we connect across cities or countries, but in MAN, we generally connect within a city or area over RF, Fiber, or Internet. Suppose an organization has its Head office in New Delhi and 3 other Branch offices within New Delhi but in other locations/areas. Data transmission speed is relatively high.
WLAN- Wireless Local Area Network
It is Wireless technology that is used in the same manner as LAN but without connecting the devices to wires. Users are connected and access the local area on Wi-Fi radio signals. It uses a Wireless LAN Controller, RF, Wi-Fi Tower, and Access Points. The speed of the WAN data transfer is lower than in comparison to LAN and MAN networks due to the large distance covered.
SAN- Storage Area Networks
SANs are set up to connect multiple high-performance data storage devices. It has built-in security and provides Disaster recovery because it takes backup and contains multiple redundant storage devices such as HDD, Tapes, etc.
CAN– Campus Area Network
It is designed to connect resources or devices over LAN. It is commonly used for larger organizations such as Universities, Campus or Government offices. In this network need to be designed according to campus user requirement and services for Residential area, Hostel, Academic Areas, Faculty area, Canteen, Data Center, Guest houses and other department. All these areas will be finally terminated on Centralized Server room or Datacentre to manage all service centrally.
PON-Passive Optical Network Types
A PON is a type of network that is used to connect a large area with LAN technologies over Fibre Optic. It is also called GPON- Gigabit Optical Passive Network. It is also used to provide Broadband connections or carry data traffic over a Gigabit Fibre network for Voice, Video, and Data.
VPN- Virtual Private Network
A VPN improves the privacy and security of a network connection on a private network and provides a secure and encrypted connection over the internet. It will create an end-to-end virtual encrypted tunnel.
VLAN– Virtual Local Aare Network
If we have multiple domains or subnets in a local area network, then we can create a Virtual local area network to divide the local area into multiple LANs, it is called VLAN.
Conclusion
To design or create Network Types we need to consider multiple aspects such as customer requirements, geographical condition, services, security, user-level accessibility level of criticality, topology type (Bus, Ring, Mesh, Star), traffic, QoS and purpose of network.
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